Derrick



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DERRICK. No. 382,141. Patented May 1.1888.

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D. H. CRAM.

DERRICK.

N0. 382,141. Patented May 1, 1888.

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h I; W H 5 INVENTOR 8 .flttorney,

DNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

D. HENRY ORAM, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

DERRICK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 382,141, dated May '1,1888. Application filed January 12, 1888. Serial No. 260,575. (Nomodel.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be itknown that I, D. HENRY CRAM, a citizen of the United States,residing at Boston,'in the county of Suffolk and State of Massachusetts,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Derricks; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to that class of hoisting apparatus which has aboom pivoted to a mast which is movable or may be turned-on its support;and it has for its object to provide an apparatus of this class whichwill be of few and simple parts, easily and speedily operated, andadapted to raise very heavy weights; and it consists of the parts andcombinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification,Figure 1 is a side elevation of my improved apparatus, having the mastpartly broken away and one side ofthe foot-block removed; Fig. 2, adetail plan view of the foot piece or block; Fig. 3, an end view of thesame; Fig. i, a detail of the upper end of the mast, and Fig. 5 a detailview of the swivel-cap.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

A represents the footblock on which the mast B is supported. This blockconsists of two beams, O, of wood, which are laid side by side at asuitable distance apart and secured thus by means of transverse bolts a,so that a narrow space or channel will be left between them. To theunder side of these beams, near their ends and at right angles to oracross the same, skids Z are secured by bolts a, passing verticallythrough the beams, the ends of which skids are curved or rounded off, asat c, and extend outwardly a short distance beyond the beams on eachside, as clearly shown in Figs. '2 and 3. The object of thus giving theend of the skids a curve is to enable the derrickto be moved easily fromplace to place, after the manner of a sleigh, the curved ends 0 easilyrising over any obstruction that may be in the way. In the center of thelongitudi-' nal space between the beams O a plate of metal, D, issecured by the bolts a, and on each side of this plate, at one end ofthe foot= piece, the sides of the beams G, are lined with sheet metal,(I, which extends back to about the center of the beams, and at this endof the foot-piece I journal two sheaves, 6, one on each side of theplate D and below the upper surface of the beams O, on a pin whichpasses through said plate and the beams. Thus it will be seen that thesides of the beams are protected against wear caused by the movement ofthe sheaves against the same, and that a better bearing is secured forthe sheaves,

owing to the plate supporting the centralv or middle part of the pin,thus preventing the same bending and the sheaves from wabbling' fromside to side, as thisconstruetion causes the pin to wear evenly and noroom is left for the sidewise movement of the shea-ves.--

The tackle for operating the apparatus also .70 passes between the plateand the sides of the v w beams, as will be hereinafter described, to thepower employed, and would wear the beams if they were not thusprotected. I

Immediately over the space or channel between the beams and at thecenter of the same I secure by bolts a metal bearing-plate, E, to fsupport the lower end of the mast B. This plate is cast with anupwardly-extending sleeve, g, at its center, and in the interior of thissleevea'shoulder, f, is formed, on which rests the hollow roundedprojecting pivot g of the metallic foot-plate F, which is secured to thebottom of the mast in any desired manner. Between the upper surface ofplate E and lower surface of plate F, I place a steel washer, f, for thepurpose of reducing the friction and causing the parts to move easily oneach other. A wooden rest-block, G, is bolted to the mast a shortdistance above the lower end of the same, the upper surface of which isslightly concaved or curved to receive the end of the boom H, and thusrelieve the pivotbars h of downward strain when aheavy weight is beingraised. Thelower end of the mast is bored out for a short distance toform a way, r, for the tackle, as will be explained hereinafter.

On opposite sides of the mast mortises are formed sufficiently deep toreceive about onethird of the sheaves 1, 2, 3, and 4., which arejournaled in boxes I, secured to the mast, the

two lower sheaves, 1 2, projectinginto the way 1". These sheaves arearranged one above an other and form, as a whole, a zigzag line, the twolower :sheaves, 1 2, being of greater diameter than the two upper, 3 4,which "are merely guide-sheaves to prevent the tackle wearing the mast.

At the upper end of the mast I rigidly secure a gudgeon-pin, L, aportion of which extends above the top of the mast, and on this part,after slipping on -washers m, I place the swivel-cap M, as clearly shownin Fig. 4. This cap is provided with a hub or collar on both sides, andis held in place by a pin passing through the gudgeon-pin L. By castingthe cap with collars or hubs a larger bearing is secured and theliability of breakage of the gudgeon-pin lessened. To perforated lugs 6,

cast with this cap, rings are secured, to which the guy-ropes areattached in any desired manner and lead to the fixed stakes to hold theapparatus in'an upright position.

Surrounding the end of the mast are two bands, 7; o, the upper of whichbeing intended merely to prevent the mast splitting, while the lowerone, 0, is provided with eyes, to which pulleys. may be hung.

The boom H, as clearly shown in Fig. 1, is pivoted at the apex of andbetween bars h, and its lower end is, shod with sheet metal, h, toprevent wear of the same, while its upper or outer end has strips orplates of metal, 12, on each side, to strengthen the same at the pointwhere the sheave 5 is journaled in a mortise in the boom, the extremeend of the boom being protected by a metal band shrunk thereon.

The hoisting-wire N (course indicated by feathered arrows) is hooked tothe end of the boom and runs around a block, 0, having a hook which isattached to the grab-hook chain P, and leads from there to and over thepulley 5, journaled in the end of the boom, and thence over pulley orblock 6, which is loosely hung to band 0 at the upper end of the mast,and thence past, the guide-sheave 4 into the way 1", past the sheave 2,and down said way through the plates E and E into the space between thebeams, and past one of the sheaves e to.the power. This wire may behooked to block 0, if desired, as indicated by dotted lines.

The block 6 may be dispensed with, if found desirable, and thehoisting-wire led directly to sheave 2 but the use of pulley 6 isdesirable whena heavy weight is. to be raised.

The boom hoist-wire R (course indicated by. unfeathered arrows) ishooked at one endto a block, 7, whichis secured to the outer end of theboom and leads from it to block 8, which is hooked to the band 0 on themast and passes around the same and back to block 7, and,passing aboutthis block, is led back to block 9, which is also hooked to band 0, (seeFig. 4,) and from thence down along the mast to guidesheave 3,thenceinto the way 1 and pastsheave 1 ,through the wayand plates E F,past one of the sheaves e in the foot-block, and from thence to thepower.

Owing to the fact that my sheaves 1, 2, 3, and 4 are inserted partly inmortises in the mast and are journaled in boxes secured to the same,instead of having eyebolts passing through the mast and carrying thesheaves on their ends, I secure greater strength and durability than ispossible where the eyebolts are used, because the latter mustnecessarily be extended from the mast a great distance to accommodatethe sheaves and permit the passage of the tackle between the sheaves andmast, and thus they are liable to bend or break; also, by providing anextra band with rings or eyes formed on or secured to the same at'theupper end of the mast for the attachment of the blocks, I do away withthemortises usually formed in the same for sheaves, thus lessening theliability of the mast snapping at this point.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is.

1. The combination, in a foot-block of a der- I rick, of the beamsbolted side by side and provided with sheet metal on their contiguoussides, the skids having curved ends secured to the under side of saidbeams and projecting beyond the same at each side, the metal platerigidly secured between said beams, and the sheaves journaled betweensaid plate and beams, substantially as described.

2. The combination, inaderrick foot'block, of the beams G, bolted sideby side, the skids having curved ends bolted to said beams, the metalplate secured between saidvbeams, the metal wearing-surfaces d, the pinpassing through said beams and plate,and the sheaves journaled on saidpin between the plate and beams, substantially as described.

3. The combination, with the foot-block ofa derrick, of a metalbearing-plate having a projecting hollow extension or sleeve providedwith a shoulder on its interior, the mast having the way 1 formed in itslower portion, and provided with the metal foot-plate having a hollowpivot adapted to fit within said hollow extension or sleeve, and awasher resting on said shoulder, substantially as described.

4. The combination,in a derrick, of the foot block, the mast resting onthe same, the bars h, secured to said mast, the boom having its lowerend ironshod and pivotally securedto said bars, the, wooden rest-platehaving the concaved or curved upper. surface bolted to said mast, andmeans for operating said boom, substantially as described.

5. The combination, in a derrick, of a footblock having a channelcentrally through it, 3,,

plate secured and sheaves journaled in said channel, a metalbearing-platehaving a hollow projection or sleeve provided with aninterior shoulder, a mast having a foot-plate provided with a hollowpivot, adapted to fit within said sleeve, and said mast having a wayformed in its lower end, sheaves journaled in boxes se curedto the mast,said sheaves fitting partly in mortises in the mast,a wooden rest-platehaving a curved or concaved upper surface IIO bolted to the mast, a boompivotally secured to the mast and having its lower end ironshod, and awire hoisting-rope and boom-hoist adapted to pass over the last-namedsheaves through'the way and foot-block to the power, substantially asdescribed;

6. The combination, in a derrick, of a footblook having a channel formedcentrally through it, amast adj ustabl y supported on said foot-b1ockand having a way formed in its lower end, sheaves working in mortisesformed in said mast and journaled-in boxes secured thereto, a boompivotally secured to said mast and carrying a pulley, 5, near its outerend, a

hoisting-wire, N, having one end secured to the outer end of the boomand passing around a pulley, O, to which the weightishung,thence overpulley 5 to a pulley loosely hung to the upper end of the mast,thenoedown said mast over a guide-sheave, 4, into the way r, formed inthe mast, and past pulley 2 into the channel of the foot-block, and awire boom-hoist, R, having one end secured to a pulley-block, 7, looselyattached to the outer end of said boom, thence over a pulley, 8, looselyhung to the upper end of the mast, thence to pulley 7, thence to pulley9, loosely hung 'to the upper end of the mast,and down the mast overguidesheave 3 into the way and past sheave 1 into the channel in thefoot block, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

D. HENRY GBAM.

Witnesses:

RoBINsoN WHITE, FRANK G. MATTINGLY.

